The most common cause of pain in the heel, this condition occurs when the Plantar Fascia, a critical ligament that connects your heel to the front of the foot, becomes damaged and inflamed. It can be particularly painful in mornings, up and down stairs, and after strenuous exercise or walking (but usually not during).

The Achilles tendon, which connects your heel bone to the calf muscles, is both the longest and most stressfully impacted tendon in the human body. Its overuse can cause micro-traumas which fail to heal, resulting in painful inflammation, swelling and stiffness.

Your knee holds cushioning cartilage to prevent the bones in your joint from touching. As this cartilage wears away, from age and other factors, patients can experience varying degrees of pain, swelling, stiffness and lack of mobility. This is the single most common form of arthritis.

Sometimes called “Jumper’s Knee”, this condition is the result of frequent or repeated trauma to the patella tendon, located just beneath the knee cap. These micro-traumas accumulate with age and frequency and can suffer from abnormal or inadequate healing.

Damage to your articular cartilage, or chondral, is known as a lesion. Chondral lesions can range from a soft spot or small tear in the cartilage to an extensive tear that may go to the bone. Under certain conditions, a piece of cartilage can rip off and cause further damage.

Most commonly seen in patients fifty and older, Osteoarthritis is the result of degradation of the cushioning cartilage between the hip’s ball and socket joint. Categorized by several levels of severity, patients can experience pain, cracking noises, and even locking of the joint.

Repetitive motions with your forearm, such as those demanded by racquet sports, weight-lifting and even chefs, can cause micro-tears in your tendon. If these fail to heal properly, patients can experience pain and even reduced grip strength over time.

Often caused by age or a traumatic injury, cushioning cartilage in the shoulder joint can degrade. This condition often presents as pain, stiffness and even cracking sounds as the shoulder joint is moved.

The shoulder joint is a shallow ball and socket joint, which relies upon the Rotator Cuff for strength and stability. Traumatic injuries or overuse can damage the tendon, and when these fail to properly heal, can result in prolonged inflammation, pain and limited mobility.

The intervertebral disc is composed of an external portion called anulus (formed by collagen) that covers the inner part, called nucleus pulposus (rich in water content). In old age or in the presence of pathological conditions, the anulus becomes fragile and more prone to collapse and tearing, while the nucleus pulposus loses its water content and becomes dehydrated, thus beginning the pathological process of degenerative discopathy.

It is an articulation located in the lower part of the spine, between the sacrum and the ileum (which is the bone that forms the pelvis), it is often underestimated but can be the cause of pain in about 15- 20% of patients with lumbar back pain. Most frequent problems are inflammatory pathologies, trauma outcomes or mechanical overload after spinal surgery (especially after L5-S1 fixation).

It is not always possible to accurately identify the cause of the lower back pain. In these cases, a treatment protocol involves the intervertebral disc and the articulations between vertebras (called Facet Joints).

Growth factors allow obtaining a physical effect of detachment of the membrane, significantly reducing the possibility of laceration in the surgical act. PRP also have antibacterial properties, they are able to control post-operative infections, which in many cases can compromise the success of the surgery.

Growth factors are used in endodontic surgery and in other surgical procedures, as in patients undergoing resective surgery for diphosphonate-related osteonecrosis. The growth factors are very effective in the regeneration of hard and soft periodontal tissues and allow very fast and efficient healing in oral surgery.

Rhizarthrosis, or arthritis of the saddle joint of the thumb, is a common problem affecting many patients, sometimes with an early onset. The constant movements of the thumb joint, as well as of the other fingers, provoke a continuous worsening of this condition, causing numbness, pain and reduced range of motion, deeply affecting the patients’ quality of life.

When a fracture does not heal properly, a condition called pseudarthrosis may occur. This can happen at all ages, the risk of developing it is 4%. Risk factors are represented by poor bone trophism, high energy trauma, exposed fractures, systemic pathologies of the patient.